Florida State Paramedic Practice Exam

What is a primary symptom of heart failure related to peripheral conditions?

1. Hypertension

2. JVD (Jugular Venous Distention)

3. Diaphoresis

4. Dizziness

The correct answer is: JVD (Jugular Venous Distention)

Jugular Venous Distention (JVD) is a primary symptom associated with heart failure, particularly as it relates to peripheral conditions. In heart failure, the heart's ability to pump blood effectively is compromised, leading to increased pressure in the venous system. This is due to the backflow of blood and fluid into the veins, particularly those in the neck. When the right side of the heart struggles to manage the returning blood flow from the body, it results in the visible distention of the jugular veins. This symptom is significant because it provides direct evidence of fluid overload and elevated central venous pressure, indicating that the heart is not efficiently handling blood returning from systemic circulation. Recognizing JVD can assist health professionals in assessing the severity of heart failure and guiding treatment options. Other symptoms like hypertension, diaphoresis, and dizziness may occur in various medical conditions, but JVD is specifically indicative of the underlying issues related to heart failure and its effects on venous return and central venous pressure.