Florida State Paramedic Practice Exam

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What is the structure of the umbilical cord?

1 artery and 2 veins
2 arteries and 1 vein
2 veins and 2 arteries
1 vein and 1 artery

The correct answer is: 2 arteries and 1 vein

The umbilical cord is structured with two arteries and one vein. This configuration is vital for fetal development. The two umbilical arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta, where waste exchange occurs, allowing carbon dioxide and other waste products to be eliminated while the fetus receives oxygen and nutrients. The single umbilical vein then carries the oxygenated blood rich in nutrients from the placenta back to the fetus, supporting its growth and development. The presence of two arteries is essential as it enhances the efficiency of the circulatory system in a developing fetus, ensuring that the waste products are effectively removed. Thus, the structure of the umbilical cord plays a crucial role in the physiological process of fetal development, making this option the correct explanation of its anatomy.